Glimpses of the past,Lesson -3,class -8,Taught by Subhadra Shahi

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Comprehension check

1. Look at picture 1 and recall the opening lines of the original song in Hindi. Who is the singer? Who else do you see in this picture?
Ans. The opening lines of the song are
"Aye mere watan ke Logo, Zara aankh mein bhar lo Pani, Jo Shahid hue hain unki Jara yaad karo kurbani.
The singer is Lata Mangeshkar.
we can see Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi in the picture.

2. In picture 2 what do you understand by the company's "superior weapons"?
Ans."superior weapons" means superior guns artillery and diplomacy.

3. Who is the artisan? Why do you think the artisans suffered?
Ans. The artisan is a skilled craftsman.they suffered because the goods that they produced lost demand in the Indian market.

4. Which picture according to you reveals the first sparks of the fire of revolt?
Ans. Picture 7 reveals the first sparks of the fire of revolt.

Working with the text

Answer the following questions:-

1.Do you think the Indian princes very short- sighted in their approach to the events of 1757?
Ans.yes, the Indian princes where short-sighted because they fail to understand the result of the foreign help they only wants immediate benefits that day sought to in order to resolve their internal matters.

2. How did the East India company subdue the Indian princes?
Ans.The East India company spread their wings in India to promote their trade.They supported one Indian Prince to finish the other as a result power passed onto their hands.

3.Quote the words used by Raja Ram Mohan Roy to say that every religion teaches the same principles.
Ans."Cows are of different colours but the colour of their milk is the same".

4. In what ways did the British officers exploit Indians?
Ans. The British officers exploited Indians in many ways.
(I) They passed "Regulation-III" under this section an Indian could be sent to jail without any trial in court.
(ii) They imposed heavy taxes on Indian farmers.
(III) They imported their goods without paying import duties.
(iv) They also set up cotton mill that ruined the Indian handicraft.

5. Name these people
(i) The ruler who fought pitched battles against the British and died fighting.
Ans. Tipu sultan of Mysore.

(ii) The person who wanted to reform the society.
Ans. Raja Ram Mohan Roy of Bengal.

(iii) The person who recommended the introduction of English education in India.
Ans. Lord Macaulay

(iv) Two popular leaders who led the revolt.
Ans. Kunwar Singh and Begum Hazrat Mahal.

6. Mention the following.
(i) Two examples of social practices prevailing then.
Ans. Untouchability and child marriage.

(ii) Two oppressive policies of the British.
Ans. Regulation-III and import of British goods without import duty.

(iii) Two ways in which common people suffered.
Ans. The farmers were heavily taxed and many Indians lost their jobs.

(iv) Four reasons for the discontent that led to the 1857 war of independence.
Ans.(a) Taxes that ruined the farmers.
(b) Change in the laws related to land.
(c) The Indian sepoys in English army were getting less salary and lower post.
(d) The grease used on the bullets was made from the fat of cows and pigs.